Friday, May 29, 2020
PowerWriter Review The Best Novel Writing Software (UPDATED FOR 2017)
Being a writer is hard. Itââ¬â¢s tough; it takes time; and youââ¬â¢ll feel like just giving up. But just like anything else, it can be made easier and less time-consuming with the right resources. Take writing a novel for example. Itââ¬â¢s hard, and there are no shortcuts. But you can use writing software and word processors for writers to help you through the chaos. What is Novel Writing Software? Contrary to popular belief, most novel writing software is NOT going to write your story for you. Novel writing software is word processing software with added organizational functionality for writers. But itââ¬â¢s not going to prompt you with questions about plot, theme, and character traits. Itââ¬â¢s going to help you organize your novel into manageable chunks. Story development software, however, is novel writing software designed to provideà some guidance in structuring a well-developed story. Itââ¬â¢s still not going to take your answers and then spit out a perfectly written, perfectly plotted novel ready for publication. Each writer must still provide the ideas and creativity for their novel, but story development software will provide prompts intended to guide writer decisions regarding story plot, character development, theme, etc. Why Use PowerWriter Novel Writing Software? Get and Stay Organized Develop a Well-Structured Plot Edit Your Manuscript Great Tutorials Who Uses Novel Writing Software? New writers eager to tell their story will love love writing software like Power Writer, but writers at any stage can benefit from it. Again, the type of writing software you choose depends on the features and functions you need. For those who need a heavy organizational focus, novel writing software is better than word processing software such as MS Word or OpenOffice. Writers that need help with story and character development in addition to organizational features will want to consider story development software instead. Main Components of PowerWriter: Novel Writing Software PowerWriter by Write-Brain is appropriately named. It is a powerful creative writing software tool for writers. Power Writer combines word processing, novel writing (organizational), and story development functionality all in one. The only features that seem to be missing from Power Writer are a brainstorming feature, a dictionary, and a version for Mac users. Power Writer has three main components: Outline View: Navigate within your story or book and move from chapter to chapter or any point within a chapter. Tree menu lets you organize your story chapters, scenes, and plot points in multiple ways. Drag and drop chunks of text using the tree menu, sections of text move automatically-no more copying and pasting! Composition Frame: Word processor component for writing the body of your story Story Tools: The story tools in the bottom pane of the screen is what itââ¬â¢s all about. With the story tools in Power Writer, you can create characters, assign traits, acts, access plot structure information, add research notes, and more. This section is the holding place for all the notes, research, and other materials you need to reference while writing your story. The story writing guides are not quite as comprehensive as top story development software. But for those who have their story thought out, there is plenty of guidance to help you fill in the gaps. During each phase of your story process, PowerWriter prompts you with questions. If answered thoughtfully these will propel your story forward and keep your reader engaged. PowerWriter also holds you accountable for your ââ¬Å"must doâ⬠list, covering each act, plot point, etc. Through the use of these checklists, it ensures you cover everything you needed to occur in that scene or chapter before progressing to the next section. Character development tools are very detailed and include a good amount of questions to help you to sketch out your characters and their role in the story. This includes general questions involving physical traits, assignment of roles and types, as well as more detailed questions regarding childhood and past events. PowerWriter Review: Features for Writers: The ââ¬Å"Must Accomplishâ⬠function in Power Writer prompts writers to complete vital details about the novel before moving on to writing the next phase. Use the search bar to get answers to specific questions The ââ¬Å"Whatââ¬â¢s This?â⬠feature transforms the cursor into a question mark for detailed explanations about the function and purpose of anything within the program. Hide other menu panes with a click, simplifying the screen for a distraction-free writing space Categorize plot points into six color-coded categories for an at-a-glance visualization of story elements. A ââ¬Å"Notes Toolâ⬠helps to embed notes for distraction free reference. Notes can be tied to a specific section of your story or not and are quick and easy to find because they are searchable. PowerWriter is just one of the many choices available to writers. WriteItNow, WriteWayPro, and Power Structure are three additional top-rated story development software programs. Budget conscious writers can consider something like StoryWeaver. Scriptwriters for film or theater need a little different focus and should explore programs like Contour (Mac, iOS), Montage, or Save the Cat: Version 3, or Celtx. PowerWriter Review: Final Thoughts PowerWriterââ¬â¢s price is $99.95 which is comparable to what youââ¬â¢d pay for MS Word for one year. The advantage is that PowerWriter has more features designed for writers than MS Word and it doesnââ¬â¢t have those recurring fees every year. If youââ¬â¢ve grown comfortable using a word processor, youââ¬â¢ll find the interface in PowerWriter familiar. With the great tutorials in Power Writer, the learning curve is smaller than software like Scrivener or even DramaticaPro. PowerWriter is well worth the price for those who want novel writing software with basic story development.
Saturday, May 16, 2020
Structuralism Social Science And Humanities - 1073 Words
Structuralism is segment of social science and humanities. It focuses on recurring patterns of though and behavior. Psychology intergrades with philosophy in many ways. With the ideas and concept brought into play by British Empiricist from the 1600ââ¬â¢s it open the gates to psychologist and their experimental minds such as the ââ¬Å"father of psychologyâ⬠Wilhelm Wundt. By the 1800ââ¬â¢s E.B. Titchener created his perspectives on structuralism. He focused on human elements on conscious experience. Titchener primarily analyzed this process through the basic laboratory and introspective methods. In the article ââ¬Å"Structuralism: a destitution of the subject?â⬠it pin pointed a lot of facts and supported aspects that the textbook covered. According toâ⬠¦show more contentâ⬠¦If sensations of tone occur together, they blend or fuse; if sensations of colour occur side by side, they enhance one another: and all this takes place in a perfectly regular way, so that we can write laws of tonal fusion and laws of colour contrastâ⬠(Goodwin, 2015, pg.182) . He also had a three type elementary mental processes of sensation, image, and affect. According to Goodwin (2015), sensations were the basic elements of more complex process of perception, images were the elementary components of ideas, and affect (feelings) were the building blocks of our emotions (Goodwin, 2015, pg. 184). With all of these attributions Titchener established it showed that the best way to understand the mind is breaking it down into sectionals. This facilitated the understanding of the mental p rocesses and higher thinking which are fundamental concepts. However the history of understanding humans dates all the way back to the 1630ââ¬â¢s. The British Empiricism was a philosophical movement in Britain that shed light on scientific inquiries, the individuals that made this possible was John Locke, George Berkeley, and David Hume. The British philosopher Locke was determined to do epistemology. In his ââ¬Å"An Essay Concerning Human Understandingâ⬠he believed that humans have innate ideas or anything knowable if it does not apply to an experience. Locke made prime examples that when we are a born our mind isShow MoreRelatedEssay about Structuralism640 Words à |à 3 PagesStructuralism Structuralism is a mode of thinking and a method of analysis practiced in 20th-century social sciences and humanities; it focuses on recurring patterns of thought and behaviour ââ¬â it seeks to analyse social relationships in terms of highly abstract relational structures. Structuralism is distinctly different from that applied to Radcliffe-Brown ââ¬â it involves more the bio and psychological aspect of human studies rather than social structures. Claude Levi-Strauss was the one to pioneerRead MorePhilosophy of Science in Social Research1455 Words à |à 6 PagesThe philosophical study of social research is an important dimension of social science which has been placed to analyze the problems of social science description and its relationships. Philosophy of social science deals with the generalized meaning of the thing amp; centered on the sharing of experience about the social world in which peopleââ¬â¢s perspective differs from one another. The various approaches analy ze the social research on the basis of three grounds: Thematic analysis, meta-narrativesRead MoreAnnales School of History1438 Words à |à 6 Pagesdemography, geography, economics, psychology, linguistics, and art history.[1] The journal gained most of its influence under the leadership of Fernand Braudel. Braudels particular contribution to the Annales School is his ââ¬Å"geo-historical structuralismâ⬠, this structuralism is a three-tiered conception of historical time: structure (long-term) at base, then conjuncture (medium-length units) and finally à ©và ¨nement (short-term or event).[2] Braudel regards the à ©và ¨nement as having the least importance in understandingRead MoreWhat Is Your Philosophy?1015 Words à |à 5 Pagesreality. Science gives insight to the unanswered questions. However, when seeking the reality it is the transformation of natural philosophy derived through observation and experiment. c) Moral: Oneââ¬â¢s behavior in relations to what is right or wrong with just living a meaningful life. Moral or Ethics is a communication or what is expressed through a lesson that was learned, an event or stories known or shown to us. We must focus on our actions displayed ensuring proper conduct. d) Social: ContributingRead MoreSigmund Freuds Theory Of Psychoanalysis1636 Words à |à 7 Pageshis psychoanalytic theory considers it an approach to unlocking knowledge that is impossible to discover through prior methods of psychology and that is applicable across all areas of the sciences and humanities. Here, students of Freudââ¬â¢s theory can find correlations between psychoanalysis to both structuralism and deconstruction through his method of interpreting dreams, which serves as psychoanalysisââ¬â¢s foothold within literary criticism because his theories apply to literature and to life. ToRead MoreStructuralism : Structuralism And Structuralism1522 Words à |à 7 Pages2.2. STRUCTURALISM As well as functionalism, structuralism has been influenced by the work of Durkheim, although the basic thrust for its development comes from linguistics. The work of the linguist Swiss Ferdinand de Saussure (1857-1913) was the first and more important source of ideas structuralist. Although Saussure only wrote about the language, the ideas that developed were later incorporated into numerous disciplines, both the social sciences and humanities. Prior to the work of Saussure, theRead MoreTaking a Look at the Structuralism Movement590 Words à |à 2 PagesStructuralism The foundation of the structuralism movement began with the idea that this was new theory. The structure of influence came from a combination of three anthropologists. Levi Strauss took the ideas of Marcell Mauss and Emilie Durkheim and applied them to the structure of cultural anthropology. His argument was that few factors separate us from apes/other animals due to language, culture, and myth. The use of structuralism is a relatively new and highly controversial theory. ââ¬Å"The AcademyRead MoreHistory of Cognitive Psychology1666 Words à |à 7 Pagesscientific/experimental methods. There was only one limitation; Limits to the study of simple sensory processes. Early Scientific Psychology includes Structuralism, Functionalism and Behaviorism. Structuralism was discovered and influenced by Wilhelm Wundt and his had a focus on identifying the basic building blocks of conscious experience. His main method to structuralism was Introspection under controlled conditions. His contribution to cognitive psychology emphasized systematic, controlled observation andRead MoreThe Anthropology Of Cultural Anthropology1370 Words à |à 6 Pagesunderstand the purpose and place of the humans in this world. It will include anthropology as a social science, the concept of culture, and it would also introduction the human evolution and to archaeology, ethnographic field methods. The importance of human language, human development, patterns, global economy, marriage and the family, gender issues, global politics and local political organization, social stratification, medical anthropology, ethnicity, the anthropology of religion, the arts, cultureRead MoreAssess the Strengths and Weaknesses of the Structuralist View of Social Life as the Product of Hidden, Unconscious, Forces and Its Relevance to Important Aspects of Contemporary Society2036 Words à |à 9 PagesOriginating in the study of languages, structuralism has exerted a vast amount of influence in the social sciences especially in the work of Saussure, Levi-Strauss and Roland Barthes. Although these theorists may disagree with the exact view of structuralism, there is, on the other hand, a broad consensus that a structuralist approach to the study of human society and culture involves the notion of wholes. The purpose of this essay will be to develop the points of structuralism and the product of its strengths
Wednesday, May 6, 2020
The Life Of Edgar Allan Poe - 1666 Words
The Life of Edgar Allan Poe ââ¬Å"Poets are shameless with their experiences: they exploit them.â⬠ââ¬â¢ Friedrich Nietzsche The life of Edgar Allan Poe s was short and mysterious - just like the lives of the heroes of his stories. And like his fictional heroes, Poe was passionate about painful, strange, gloomy existence of the human soul. The contradictory and unstable, inclined to extravagant whims and binges, he seemed to have decided to match the romantic stereotype of the suffering hero, taken prisoner of self-destruction. Without a doubt, he was a genius: a poet, novelist, critic, and editor, one of the first US professional writers who were earning money exclusivelyâ⬠¦show more contentâ⬠¦Allan was guided by a sense of duty rather than a love to the boy, which has never been legally adopted. But his wife Frances Allan fell in love with a boy. Thanks to her, little Edgar learned what is a mother s love, which was missed in his childhood. Men s relation with women always plays an important role in men s lives. Life of Edgar Allan Poe was not exclusion. Moreover, it influenced on his works too. For example, the famous poem ââ¬Å"The Ravenâ⬠has an image of a woman Lenore. It is difficult to say who was a prototype of the lost woman for Poe. First woman whom he lost in his life was mother, Elizabeth Arnold Hopkins. It is better to say ââ¬â which he never really knew. Later Edgar Allan Poe had a deep need to have close relations with women who could play the role of mother to him. They were Frances Allan, Mrs. Stanard, the mother of his friend Richard, who became a ââ¬Å"substitute-motherâ⬠to him; Mrs. Maria Clemm, his aunt who became his mother-in-law; her daughter, Virginia, who became his ââ¬Å"wife-motherâ⬠; Mrs. Shew, his physician-nurse; Mrs. Whitman, the poetess he tried unsuccessfully to marry; Mrs. ââ¬Å"Annieâ⬠Richmond, the married woman he deeply loved but could not have for a wif e; or Elmira Royster Shelton, former childhood sweetheart (Benton, 1-2). Poe tried to find the image of the lost mother in all these women during his life, but, as we can make a conclusion from ââ¬Å"The Ravenâ⬠poem, he understood it was impossible. ââ¬Å"Nevermoreâ⬠ââ¬â the Raven said. We cannot be
Tuesday, May 5, 2020
Chronic Illness Management In Primary Care â⬠MyAssignmenthelp.com
Question: Discuss about the Chronic Illness Management In Primary Care. Answer: Introduction Osteoporosis is a disease characterized by increasing bone weakness, decreasing bone density, and elevated risk of a broken bone (Rachner, 2011). The disease is the main reason for broken bones among the seniors. Some of the common bones break include the hip, vertebrae in the spine, and bones of the forearm. The disease has no symptoms and is only discovered when bones break. It affects the density of bone leading to a porous bone which is compressible. This condition weakens the bone and results in fractures. Bone density decreases with age and is also accelerated by other factors such as lower levels of estrogen among women. It may also occur due to treatment procedures or diseases such anorexia, kidney disease, etc. Also, various medications influence the rate of bone loss and contribute to the bone weakening. Osteoporosis is a major disease among people aged 50 years and above and has raised public health concerns (Riggs, 2012). Approximately 8 million people in the US are reported to have osteoporosis (Korhonen, 2013). About 60% of people with osteoporosis in the US are aged 50 years and older. Health care costs incurred in the treatment of osteoporosis fractures amount to billions of dollars. This diseases not only increases the financial burden for families but also affects productivity. It is reported that 15% of people who experience a hip fracture are likely to die within two years (Looker, 2012). The social and financial implications of this disease adversely affect the society. Therefore, it is essential to assess how various healthcare stakeholders can tackle this condition to mitigate its risk as well as its impacts on the nations economy and the society. In this report, well investigate osteoporosis, identify risk factors, and its impacts on peoples life. The elderly are considered as the main age group through which the disease can be assessed. The report will also look into the role of a nurse in delivering patient-oriented care that can mitigate the risk of the disease as well as improve patient outcomes. Osteoporosis Pathophysiology Poor bone mass acquisition during growth and an increase in the rate of bone loss are the main mechanisms that contribute to the development of osteoporosis. These mechanisms are influenced by environmental and genetic factors. Many postmenopausal women are at high risk of increased bone loss after reaching peak bone mass. Race also influences development of the disease as peak bone mass tends to vary among different races (Antonelli, 2014). About 50% of the bone mass gained during puberty is linked with high sex hormone levels. However, there is minimal accumulation of bone mass among young adults. Peak bone mass is realized when a person reaches 30 years of age. Genetic factors are reported to influence bone mass. Approximately 40% of the variability in bone mass is determined by genes (Emkey, 2014). Some of the genes linked to osteoporosis include collagen, transforming growth factor- , those that regulate estrogen reception, etc. In contrast to gaining boss mass, bone loss is largely determined by environmental factors such as diet, lifestyle, medication, etc. Risk factors Nutritional factors Development of Osteoporosis can arise from various factors including nutrition, behavior, or medication. Key nutritional factors that play a role include calcium intake, protein intake, Vitamin D levels, among others. It is reported that low calcium intake during childhood can elevate the risk of the disease later in life. Studies show that seniors who had low calcium levels in their childhood were likely to have the disease as it was directly linked to the bone mineral mass (Garriguet, 2011). Calcium supplementation is a key treatment method that helps to reduce the rate of bone loss among elderly persons at risk of osteoporosis. Calcium intake varies depending on age. Some age groups especially the elderly and children have higher calcium intake than other age groups. The typical diet in western countries has high levels of sodium and protein which increase calcium excretion hence people in these countries require to take more calcium. Vitamin D and protein are key elements that also play a role in the body. Vitamin D plays an essential role in the bone tissue as it regulates calcium absorption. Its nutritional status affects the level of calcium absorption. Studies show that vitamin D levels decrease with age hence seniors have lower levels of Vitamin D than other age groups which significantly impact calcium absorption (Powe, 2011). Aged people have to take Vitamin D supplements to reduce the risk of osteoporosis. Protein malnutrition affects the growth of soft tissue which reduces the tissue covering the bones (Rizzoli, 2014). Protein intake largely determines the result of fractures, especially hip fracture. Behavioral Factors Various behavioral factors such as physical activity and drugs play a role in the development of the Osteoporosis. Studies show that athletes have higher bone mass than non-athletes. This is particularly noted among athletes who regularly engage in strength training. Mechanical loading during training is shown to increase bone mass (Langsetmo, 2012). On the other hand, decreasing mechanical load reduces bone mass. The relationship between bone mass density and the mechanical load is apparent at low levels of loads. Patients who are completely immobilized have high bone mass loss amounting to over 30% in 1 year. People who are physically active have high bone mass density than the average population (Khawaji, 2010). Bone metabolism occurs as a result of the interplay between hormones, nutrients and physical activity. A deficit in one of these areas can increase the risk of osteoporosis. Chronic alcohol is attributed to decreasing bone mass density in the lumbar spine and neck (Broulik, 2010). The prevalence of osteoporosis among alcoholics is reported to be over 30%. It is much higher among the elderly who regularly consume alcohol. Chronic alcohol is also associated with nutritional deficiencies which contribute to osteoporotic-related fractures (Maurel, 2010). Smoking is another risk factor for decreasing bone mass that affects bone mass development. It is associated with an increase in rate of bone loss which is pre-requisite to osteoporosis. Medications Several medications are linked with bone loss. Glucocorticoids are key medications that are attributed to an elevated rate of bone mass loss (Lekamwasam, 2012). Studies also show that bone loss is high during the first use of steroid intake. The rate of bone loss is estimated to be as high as 20% which increases the risk of fractures. Patient taking corticosteroids for more than six months have a high incidence of osteoporotic fractures. Estrogens are essential for the development of bone mass and bone maintenance in both men and women. Low levels of estrogen among women above 50 years are the main cause of postmenopausal osteoporosis (Tyagi, 2012). Signs and symptoms Osteoporosis becomes evidence when a fracture occurs. A majority of the fractures are painless. In some cases, patients may have fractures accompanied have episodes of acute pain after suffering a minor trauma. The pain experienced may range from sharp to dull (Nieuwenhuijse, 2012). Movement of a limb with a fracture tends to increase the pain, and in some cases, the pain is radiated to the abdomen. Muscle spasms accompany pain and are exacerbated by physical activity. Acute pain subsides after a month, but in cases where patients have multiple fractures, the pain becomes chronic. Patients with chronic pain are unable to walk or do any work at ease. Often, they stay motionless in bed with fear of exacerbating pain. Patients with a hip fracture may experience pain in the groin and medial knee. Often, the fracture decreases the hip range of motion which diminishes the walking ability of patients. The patients may also demonstrate a limited range of motion with pain and decreased weight-bearing on the fractured area. Physical examination done on patients with vertebral fractures indicate loss of lubra lordosis and exaggerated cervical lordosis. Patients that have Colles fracture may have bayonet deformity and tend to experience pain when moving their wrists (Esses, 2011). On the other hand, patients with sacral fractures experience pain when they move. People especially the elderly who have osteoporotic fractures have difficulty in performing tasks as they are limited by severe pain in the affected region. This significantly limits them from moving and affects their productivity at work. Person-centered care Person-centered care focuses on the personal needs of patients which become fundamental to the care delivery process. This implies giving preference to the patients needs as defined over the priorities by the healthcare staff (Ekman, 2011). This care model involves strong interest in the patients experience of health or illness. Nurses have to work with the persons perspective of the situation as well as that obtained via a medical diagnosis. Various frameworks have been developed to help nurses to implement person-centered care. These frameworks share key components which define the nature of person-centered care. Typically, a patient-oriented care model involves forging relationships with patients to know them as individuals, providing meaningful care, and being responsive to the patients needs. Nurses have to respect the needs, values, and preferences of the patients and focus on building patient-nurse relationships which can foster trust (Morgan, 2012). Nurses have to emphasize freedom of choice to the patients and promote comfort. It is also necessary for nurses to involve patients family and friends in the care delivery process. This model of nursing care contrasts the traditional care model as it focuses on a patient as an individual and emphasizes on their needs. On the other hand, traditional care model acknowledges personal needs but only consider them if they align with the nursing needs. This implies that the needs of nursing care are prioritized over personal needs of the patient receiving care. Role of Nurse in Osteoporosis prevention Nurses play a key role in leading collaborative care to meet the healthcare needs of the elderly population which is at high risk of osteoporosis. Under collaborative person-centered care model, nurses have a responsibility of improving access to care, enhancing quality and safety, coordinating with healthcare professionals, and forging relationships with patients. To realize the full potential of the care model, nurses have to accept a central role in the management of patient-centered approach to care (Wolff, 2015). Specifically, nurses have to collaborate with team members and maintain a patient-centered focus on care. They interact with patients as individuals to gain an in-depth insight into their health as well as forge trust. This is key in understanding and respecting the values and needs of a patient. Medical care delivered by nurses to prevent Osteoporosis should be aligned with the needs of the elderly patients. This involves forging a patient-nurse relationship that enhances trust and enables the nurse to know much about the patients including their medical history, health problems they may be encountering, etc. Nurses that have established a relationship with the patients can communicate effectively with them. This allows them to collect essential information about the patients which help nurses in providing care. The nurses collaborate with team members to align the patients needs with the medical diagnosis. For example, when nurses diagnose an older adult to be at risk of developing osteoporosis, they have to create a plan tailored to their needs. The plan may consider the diet consumed by the patient and make adjustments to the dietary routine to improve protein and calcium intake to reduce the risk of the disease. This ensures the team delivers optimal and safe care which meets the needs of the aged patients. Effective communication is key in enhancing the coordinated care that meets the patients needs. Addressing the healthcare needs of the elderly at risk of osteoporosis in the most efficient manner is the key goal of inter-professional patient-centered care. Nurses play a vital role in facilitating communication between the health provider and the patients as well as supporting the patients (Bartz, 2010). In this care model, the nurse ensures families of patients are active participants in care delivery process. This enhances the efficiency of care and enhances the role of nurses in preventing osteoporosis and promoting self-care among the elderly. Nurses provide information to patients and families and answer their question on the care provided. They have to be included in discussions to make decisions about their care as well as play a role in planning how to improve their health conditions. It is the responsibility of the nurse to ensure the patients receive timely and consistent messages. Nurses have to maintain communication with the patients to monitor their health and learn more about their needs (Cloninger, 2011). Consistent communication allows nurses to identify a change in patients needs and respond accordingly. For example, an older adult with an osteoporotic fracture may want pain medication due to exacerbating pain. If nurses maintain contact with the patient, they can easily determine their needs and respond to improve patient outcomes. Often, the elderly have lower emergency response and their protection should be prioritized. Nurses have to focus on their safety and value their daily protection in actions such as standing up or walking down the stairs to reduce the risk of falling and occurrence of osteoporotic fractures. Nurses play a vital role in improving quality of care by gaining an insight into patients preferences and values through engagement (Finset, 2011). They have to assure them that their values will be respected and their needs considered in care delivery. This is vital in enhancing patient engagement and care plan decisions. Trust between the two stakeholders is dependent on mutual respect and the relationship between them. Trust between nurses and patients evolves as insight into patients needs and information from medical diagnosis is gained. Trust is a key element in the patient-nurse relationship that ensures the efficiency of the care delivery process. Inter-professional care involves collaboration with various healthcare professionals. Nurses have to focus on building relationships with their team members to improve their effectiveness in delivering care tailored to the needs of the elderly population (Mezzich, 2011). Nurses have to recognize the significance of team building in improving the care process. Nurses are the key stakeholders to who guide the collaborative care model to support patient-oriented approach to care in managing osteoporosis among the aged. This is key in keeping the patients engaged and activated with the care delivered as well as help the nurses in making better care plan decisions with physicians. It also helps patients in being successful with self-management actions aimed at reducing the risk of osteoporosis. Nurses who prescribe self-management strategies tailored to the needs of the seniors achieve better patient outcomes. Also, involving patients and their families in decision-making process improves patient satisfaction and enhance the efficiency of the care delivery process. Nurses have to engage families and patients to develop the capacity to manage pain in cases where patients have sustained fractures related to osteoporosis. This improves the effectiveness of the pain treatment method and improves quality of life. Nurses have to emphasize on the importance of pain management for healing. They also have to work with the patients and give early warnings of complications such as hip dislocation, infection, etc. Such signs should be considered as indicators of deteriorating health and should be given preference to ensure patients are diagnosed and treated accordingly. When using non-medication strategies, nurses have to consider the ones that align with the patients needs. Some of the non-medication strategies used to manage osteoporosis include positioning, cold packs, distraction, among others. Pain prevention also has to be done with appropriate pain management strategies such as analgesics or cold packs. Dose and timing of the strategies have to be considered to ensure they are applied appropriately, i.e., when and how to take medication. With regards to prevention, nurses have to coordinate with the family since the patients are handled in outpatient settings. Focus should be placed on ambulation and exercises which the nurses should demonstrate to the patients to ensure they understand what they are supposed to do. The patient and family have to be involved in all phases of care to ensure the prevention strategies are successful. Families provide social support to the patient which is key in promoting healing. It is the role of the nurse to encourage patients to perform many self-care actions. Patients have to perform as much as their pain can allow. The nurses also have to offer patients a plan that involves activities that include mild exercise. It is important for nurses attending to the aged people at risk of osteoporosis in outpatient settings to assess new pain sites and monitor patients pain level as well as monitor their response to the pain management strategies applied (Claesson, 2015). Nurses have to explain all treatments and procedures to patients and ensure that they understand the prescribed medications. Also, nurses have a responsibility to provide emotional support to help patients cope with pain and their health conditions. Conclusion Osteoporosis is a major disease that affects the elderly and contributes to a majority of bone fractures for people aged 50 and above. It has become a health issue that affects the society and requires concerted efforts among healthcare providers to be mitigated. Inter-professional patient-centered care is a key care model that can assist in preventing and managing osteoporosis among the elderly population. This care model involves a collaborative approach to take which incorporates a team made up of various healthcare professionals. The model focuses on the patients as an individual and prioritizes the needs and expectations of the patients. Nurses play a key role in providing patient-oriented care which is appropriate for the elderly population as it is at high risk of osteoporosis and requires attention. Nurses are the driving force behind patient-centered care hence have to be focused on forging relationships with patients to gain an insight into their health problems. It is recommendable for nurses to not only connect with the patients as caregivers but also support them emotionally. The nurses should involve patients and families in all treatment phases to ensure care given aligns with their needs and values. Also, nurses should at all times respect the values of the patients and respond to their needs accordingly. References Antonelli, M., Einstadter, D., Magrey, M. (2014). Screening and treatment of osteoporosis after hip fracture: comparison of sex and race.Journal of Clinical Densitometry,17(4), 479-483. Bartz, C. C. (2010). International Council of Nurses and person-centered care.International Journal of Integrated Care,10(5). Broulik, P. D., Vondrova, J., Ruzicka, P., Sedlacek, R., Zima, T. (2010). The effect of chronic alcohol administration on bone mineral content and bone strength in male rats.Physiological Research,59(4), 599. Claesson, A., Toth-Pal, E., Piispanen, P., Salminen, H. (2015). District nurses perceptions of osteoporosis management: a qualitative study.Osteoporosis International,26(7), 1911-1918. Cloninger, C. R. (2011). Person?centred integrative care.Journal of evaluation in clinical practice,17(2), 371-372. Ekman, I., Swedberg, K., Taft, C., Lindseth, A., Norberg, A., Brink, E., ... Lidn, E. (2011). Person-centered careReady for prime time.European journal of cardiovascular nursing,10(4), 248-251. Emkey, G. R., Epstein, S. (2014). Secondary osteoporosis: pathophysiology diagnosis.Best practice research Clinical endocrinology metabolism,28(6), 911-935. Esses, S. I., McGuire, R., Jenkins, J., Finkelstein, J., Woodard, E., Watters III, W. C., ... Sluka, P. (2011). The treatment of symptomatic osteoporotic spinal compression fractures.Journal of the American Academy of Orthopaedic Surgeons,19(3), 176-182. Finset, A. (2011). Research on person?centred clinical care.Journal of evaluation in clinical practice,17(2), 384-386. Garriguet, D. (2011). Bone health: osteoporosis, calcium and vitamin D.Health reports,22(3), 7. Khawaji, M., Astermark, J., kesson, K., Berntorp, E. (2010). Physical activity for prevention of osteoporosis in patients with severe haemophilia on long?term prophylaxis.Haemophilia,16(3), 495-501. Korhonen, N., Niemi, S., Parkkari, J., Sievnen, H., Palvanen, M., Kannus, P. (2013). Continuous decline in incidence of hip fracture: nationwide statistics from Finland between 1970 and 2010.Osteoporosis International,24(5), 1599-1603. Langsetmo, L., Hitchcock, C. L., Kingwell, E. J., Davison, K. S., Berger, C., Forsmo, S., ... Prior, J. C. (2012). Physical activity, body mass index and bone mineral densityassociations in a prospective population-based cohort of women and men: The Canadian Multicentre Osteoporosis Study (CaMos).Bone,50(1), 401-408. Lekamwasam, S., Adachi, J. D., Agnusdei, D., Bilezikian, J., Boonen, S., Borgstrm, F., ... Kanis, J. A. (2012). A framework for the development of guidelines for the management of glucocorticoid-induced osteoporosis.Osteoporosis International,23(9), 2257-2276. Looker, A. C., Borrud, L. G., Dawson-Hughes, B., Shepherd, J. A., Wright, N. C. (2012).Osteoporosis Or Low Bone Mass at the Femur Neck Or Lumbar Spine in Older Adults, United States, 2005-2008. Hyattsville, MD: US Department of Health and Human Services, Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, National Center for Health Statistics. Maurel, D. B., Boisseau, N., Benhamou, C. L., Jaffre, C. (2012). Alcohol and bone: review of dose effects and mechanisms.Osteoporosis International,23(1), 1-16. Mezzich, J. (2011). Building person-centered medicine through dialogue and partnerships: perspective from the international network for person-centered medicine.International Journal of Person Centered Medicine,1(1), 10-13. Morgan, S., Yoder, L. H. (2012). A concept analysis of person-centered care.Journal of Holistic Nursing,30(1), 6-15. Nieuwenhuijse, M. J., Van Erkel, A. R., Dijkstra, P. D. S. (2012). Percutaneous vertebroplasty for subacute and chronic painful osteoporotic vertebral compression fractures can safely be undertaken in the first year after the onset of symptoms.J Bone Joint Surg Br,94(6), 815-820. Powe, C. E., Ricciardi, C., Berg, A. H., Erdenesanaa, D., Collerone, G., Ankers, E., ... Bhan, I. (2011). Vitamin Dbinding protein modifies the vitamin Dbone mineral density relationship.Journal of Bone and Mineral Research,26(7), 1609-1616. Rachner, T. D., Khosla, S., Hofbauer, L. C. (2011). Osteoporosis: now and the future.The Lancet,377(9773), 1276-1287. Riggs, B. L. (2012). Age-related osteoporosis.Nutrition and Aging, 207. Rizzoli, R., Stevenson, J. C., Bauer, J. M., van Loon, L. J., Walrand, S., Kanis, J. A., ... Reginster, J. Y. (2014). The role of dietary protein and vitamin D in maintaining musculoskeletal health in postmenopausal women: a consensus statement from the European Society for Clinical and Economic Aspects of Osteoporosis and Osteoarthritis (ESCEO).Maturitas,79(1), 122-132. Tyagi, A. M., Srivastava, K., Mansoori, M. N., Trivedi, R., Chattopadhyay, N., Singh, D. (2012). Estrogen deficiency induces the differentiation of IL-17 secreting Th17 cells: a new candidate in the pathogenesis of osteoporosis.PloS one,7(9), e44552. Wolff, J. L., Boyd, C. M. (2015). A look at person-centered and family-centered care among older adults: results from a national survey.Journal of general internal medicine,30(10), 1497-1504.
Subscribe to:
Posts (Atom)